wml_aux_weblint

Langue: en

Version: August 97 (mandriva - 01/05/08)

Section: 1 (Commandes utilisateur)

NAME

weblint - pick fluff off web pages (HTML)

SYNOPSIS

weblint [ -d id ] [ -e id ] [ -f filename ] [ -i ] [ -l ] [ -s ] [ -stderr ] [ -t ] [ -todo ] [ -help ] [ -U ] [ -urlget command ] [ -v ] [ -version ] [ -warnings ] [ -x extension ] file1 .. fileN

DESCRIPTION

Weblint is a Perl script which picks fluff off HTML pages. Files to be checked are passed on the command-line:
 
 % weblint foobar.html ./dodgy-files/ index.html
 
 
If any of the arguments are directories weblint will recurse in the directory, and check any HTML files found. If an argument is a URL, then weblint will get the file using a URL retrieval program, and then check the file:
 
 % weblint http://www.foobar.com/
 
 
By default weblint will use lynx to retrieve URLs, but this can be over-ridden. A filename of `-' specifies that weblint should read from standard input:
 
 % lynx -source http://www.foobar.com/ | weblint -
 
 
Warnings are generated a la lint:
 home.html(9): unmatched </A> (no matching <A> seen).
 
Weblint includes the following features:
by default checks for HTML 3.2 (Wilbur)
46 different checks and warnings
Warnings can be enabled/disabled individually, as per your preference
basic structure and syntax checks
warnings for use of unknown elements and element attributes.
context checks (where a tag must appear within a certain element).
overlapped or illegally nested elements.
do IMG elements have ALT text?
flags obsolete elements.
support for user and site configuration files
stylistic checks
checks for html which is not portable across all browsers
flags markup embedded in comments, since this can confuse some browsers
support for Netscape, and Microsoft HTML extensions

OPTIONS

-d warning-identifier
Disable the warning associated with the identifier. Multiple identifiers can be specified, with a comma between identifiers.
-e warning-identifier
Enable the warning associated with the identifier. Multiple identifiers can be specified, with a comma between identifiers.
-f config-file
Specify a weblint configuration file which should be used in place of the user's default config file, or the site configuration file.
-help
Show a short usage summary.
-i
Ignore case of element tags.
-l
When recursing in directories, ignore any files which are symlinks (also known as soft links). This will also cause files on the command-line to be ignored if they are symlinks, unless only one file is given.
-pedantic
Turn on all warnings except the case-sensitive and bad-link warnings.
-s
Generate `short' warning messages, which do not include the filename.
-stderr
Print warning messages to STDERR rather than STDOUT.
-t
Enable terse warning mode, which is mainly useful for the weblint testsuite.
-U
Same as -help.
-urlget command
The command which should be used to retrieve HTML pages specified by URL.
-v
Display the version number.
-version
Display the version number.
-todo
This prints out the URL for the online version of the weblint ToDo list. This includes known bugs, and requested/planned features.
-warnings
List all supported warnings, with warning identifier, and whether the warning is enabled.
-x extension
Include checks for the specified HTML extension; multiple extensions can be specified, separated with a comma. Currently the only extensions supported are Netscape and Microsoft. This can also be set in your weblint configuration file, described below.

HTML EXTENSIONS

Unless you specify otherwise, weblint assumes you are using HTML 3.2. Weblint supports the Netscape and Microsoft HTML extensions in addition. For example, weblint will complain that the BLINK element is not known, unless you enable the Netscape extension. The following extensions are currently supported:
Netscape
The HTML extensions supported by the Netscape browser, version 4.
Microsoft
The HTML extensions supported by Microsoft Internet Explorer, version 4.

To enable an extension, you can either use the -x command-line switch:

 
     % weblint -x Netscape foobar.html
 
 
Or you can use the extension keyword in your .weblintrc:
 
     # enable the Microsoft extensions
     extension Microsoft
 
 

CONFIGURATION FILE

Weblint can be configured using a file .weblintrc in your home directory (or a file referenced by the WEBLINTRC environment variable). This file can be used to enable or disable specific warnings, set weblint variables, and include HTML extensions, as described above. Each warning has a short identifier string, used to refer to the warning in config files, and from the command-line. For example, if you want to enable the check for tags in upper-case, but disable the check for obsolete elements, then you would include the following lines in your .weblintrc:
 # specify the command used to retrieve URLs (-urlget switch)
 set url-get = lynx -source
 
 # the style of warning message to generate (lint, short, or terse)
 set message-style = lint
 
 # enable warning for tags not in upper-case
 enable upper-case
 
 # disable the warning for obsolete tags
 disable obsolete
 
 # enable the Netscape HTML extensions
 extension Netscape
 
 # when recursing in a directory,
 # ignore files which are symlinks (also known as soft links)
 ignore symlinks
 

The keywords can be followed by any number of arguments, separated by spaces or tabs. Anything following a `#' is treated as a comment.

A sample configuration file is included in the weblint distribution (as of version 1.004), which mirrors the configuration built-in to weblint.

Weblint also supports a site configuration file. If a user does not have a personal configuration file, then weblint will check for a local site configuration file. To provide such a file, create a directory such as /usr/local/weblint, and create a file global.weblintrc. You need to edit the weblint script and modify the $SITE_DIR variable, which you will find near the top of the file. For example:

 
     $SITE_DIR = '/usr/local/weblint';
 
 
At some point in the future there will be configuration support for weblint, so you won't have to modify the script directly yourself.

If you have a site configuration file, then users can inherit the site defaults by adding the following line at the top of their .weblintrc file:

 
     use global weblintrc
 
 

WARNINGS

All warnings generated by weblint are listed below, along with the associated identifier, and whether the warning is enabled or disabled by default.
tag <...> is not in upper case.
Identifier:
upper-case
Default: disabled
tag <...> is not in lower case.
Identifier: lower-case
Default: disabled
foo attribute is required for <...>
Identifier: required-attribute
Default: enabled
expected an attribute for <...>
Identifier: expected-attribute
Default: enabled
unknown element <...>
Identifier: unknown-element
Default: enabled
unknown attribute `...' for element <...>.
Identifier: unknown-attribute
Default: enabled
should not have whitespace between `<' and `...>'
Identifier: leading-whitespace
Default: enabled
bad form to use `here' as an anchor!
Identifier: here-anchor
Default: enabled
no <TITLE> in HEAD element.
Identifier: require-head
Default: enabled
tag <...> should only appear once. I saw one on line XX!
Identifier: once-only
Default: enabled
<BODY> but no <HEAD>.
Identifier: body-no-head
Default: enabled
outer tags should be <HTML> .. </HTML>.
Identifier: html-outer
Default: enabled
<...> can only appear in the HEAD element.
Identifier: head-element
Default: enabled
<...> cannot appear in the HEAD element.
Identifier: non-head-element
Default: enabled
<...> is obsolete.
Identifier: obsolete
Default: enabled
unmatched </...> (no matching <...> seen).
Identifier: mis-match
Default: enabled
IMG does not have ALT text defined.
Identifier: img-alt
Default: enabled
<...> cannot be nested.
Identifier: nested-element
Default: enabled
Did not see <LINK REV=MADE HREF=mailto:...> in HEAD.
Identifier: mailto-link
Default: disabled
</...> on line XX seems to overlap <...>, opened on line YY.
Identifier: element-overlap
Default: enabled
no closing </...> seen for <...> on line XX.
Identifier: unclosed-element
Default: enabled
markup embedded in a comment can confuse some browsers.
Identifier: markup-in-comment
Default: enabled
odd number of quotes in element <...>.
Identifier: odd-quotes
Default: enabled
heading <H?> follows <H?> on line N.
Identifier: heading-order
Default: enabled
target for anchor ... not found.
Identifier: bad-link
Default: disabled
unexpected < in <...> -- potentially unclosed element.
Identifier: unexpected-open
Default: enabled
illegal context for <...> - must appear in <...> element.
Identifier: required-context
Default: enabled
unclosed comment (comment should be: <!-- ... -->
Identifier: unclosed-comment
Default: enabled
element <...> is not a container -- </...> not legal.
Identifier: illegal-closing
Default: enabled
<...> is physical font markup -- use logical (such as XXX)
Identifier: physical-font
Default: disabled
attribute XYZ is repeated in element <...>
Identifier: repeated-attribute
Default: enabled
empty container element <...>
Identifier: empty-container
Default: enabled
use of ' for attribute value delimiter is not supported by all browsers (attribute XYZ of tag ABC)
Identifier: attribute-delimiter
Default: enabled
closing tag <...> should not have any attributes specified.
Identifier: closing-attribute
Default: enabled
directory DIR does not have an index file (index.html)
Identifier: directory-index
Default: enabled
<...> must immediately follow <...>
Identifier: must-follow
Default: enabled
setting WIDTH and HEIGHT attributes on IMG tag can improve rendering performance on some browsers
Identifier: img-size
Default: disabled
leading/trailing whitespace in content of container element ...
Identifier: container-whitespace
Default: disabled
first element was not DOCTYPE specification
Identifier: require-doctype
Default: disabled
`>' should be represented as `&gt;'
Identifier: literal-metacharacter
Default: enabled
malformed heading - open tag is <H?>, but closing is </H?>
Identifier: heading-mismatch
Default: enabled
illegal context, <...>, for text; should be in XXX.
Identifier: bad-text-context
Default: enabled
illegal value for AAA attribute of XXX (...)
Identifier: attribute-format
Default: enabled
<...> is extended markup (use '-x <extension>' to allow this).
Identifier: extension-markup
Default: enabled
attribute `...' for <...> is extended markup (use '-x <extension>' to allow this).
Identifier: extension-attribute
Default: enabled
value for attribute XYZ (xyz-value) of element FOOBAR should be quoted (i.e. XYZ='xyz-value')
Identifier: quote-attribute-value
Default: enabled
you should use '&gt;' in place of '>', even in a PRE element.
Identifier: meta-in-pre
Default: enabled
<A> should be inside <H?>, not <H?> inside <A>.
Identifier: heading-in-anchor
Default: enabled
The HTML spec. recommends the TITLE be no longer than 64 characters.
Identifier: title-length
Default: enabled

TESTSUITE

A simple regression testsuite is included with weblint, in the Perl script test.pl. You can run the testsuite with either of the following commands:
     % make test
     % ./test.pl
 
The results are printed to STDERR, with a more complete report generated in test.log.

All tests should pass. If any tests fail, please email test.log to the address given in the AUTHOR section below.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

WEBLINTRC
If this variable is defined, and references a file, then weblint will read the referenced file for the user's configuration, rather than $HOME/.weblintrc.
TMPDIR
The directory where weblint will create temporary working files. Defaults to /usr/tmp.

FILES

$HOME/.weblintrc
The user's configuration file. See the section `CONFIGURATION FILE'.

SEE ALSO

perl(1)

VERSION

This man page describes weblint 1.020.

AVAILABILITY

 ftp://ftp.cre.canon.co.uk/pub/weblint/weblint.tar.gz
 http://www.cre.canon.co.uk/~neilb/weblint/
 
 

KNOWN BUGS

The list of known bugs can be found on the weblint home page:
 
     http://www.cre.canon.co.uk/~neilb/weblint/todo/
 
 
Certain versions of Perl have bugs which are triggered by weblint. You shouldn't experience problems if you have 4.036, or 5.002.

AUTHOR

Neil Bowers, Canon Research Centre Europe
neilb@cre.canon.co.uk

CONTRIBUTIONS

Lots of people have contributed to weblint, in the form of suggestions, bug reports, fixes, and contributed code. Please email me if your name should appear in the roll call below.

Abigail <abigail@mars.ic.iaf.nl>; Anthony Thyssen <anthony@cit.gu.edu.au>; Axel Boldt <axel@uni-paderborn.de>; Barry Bakalor <barry@hal.com>; Bill Arnett <billa@netcom.com>; Bob Friesenhahn <bfriesen@simple.dallas.tx.us>; Mark Gates <mr-gates@uiuc.edu>; Bruce Speyer <bspeyer@texas-one.org>; Chris Siebenmann <cks@hawkwind.utcs.toronto.edu>; Clay Webster <clay@unipress.com>; Dana Jacobsen <dana@acm.org>; David Begley <david@bacall.nepean.uws.edu.au>; David J. MacKenzie <djm@va.pubnix.com>; Douglas Brick <dbrick@u.washington.edu>; Gil Citro; Eric de Mund <ead@ixian.com>; Richard Finegold <goldfndr@eskimo.com>; Joerg Heitkoetter <Joerg.Heitkoetter@germany.eu.net>; David Koblas <koblas@homepages.com>; John Labovitz <johnl@ora.com>; Eric Maryniak <E.Maryniak@rgd.nl>; John F. Whitehead <jfw@wral-tv.com> Juergen Schoenwaelder <schoenw@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de>; Frank Steinke <fsteinke@zeta.org.au>; Larry Virden <lvirden@cas.org>; Paul Black <black@lal.cs.byu.edu>; Doug Grinbergs <dougg@qualcomm.com>; Philip Hallstrom <philip@wolfe.net>; Craig Leres <leres@ee.lbl.gov>; Richard Lloyd <R.K.Lloyd@csc.liv.ac.uk>; Charles F. Randall <crandall@dmacc.cc.ia.us>; Robert Schmunk <pcrxs@nasagiss.giss.nasa.gov>; Jeff Schave <schave@engr.wisc.edu>; Jon Thackray <jrmt@uk.gdscorp.com>; Jens Thordarson <thordurh@rhi.hi.is>; Ryan Waldron <rew@nuance.com>; Thomas Leavitt <leavitt@webcom.com>; Tom Neff <tneff@panix.com>; Victor Parada <vparada@inf.utfsm.cl>; Erick Branderhorst <branderhorst@fgg.eur.nl>; Bryan O'Sullivan <bos@serpentine.com>; Alan J. Flavell <FLAVELL@v2.ph.gla.ac.uk>; Raphael Manfredi <Raphael_Manfredi@grenoble.hp.com>; Keith Iosso <a-keithi@microsoft.com>; Chris Lambert <lambertc@sharelink.com>; Tristan Savatier <tristan@creative.net>; Phil Hooper <hooper@bcci.eng.sun.com>; Gerald Viers <grviers@csupomona.edu>; Dean Brissinger <brissing@bvsd.k12.co.us>; Dave Schmitt <dschmi1@gl.umbc.edu>; John Van Essen <vanes002@maroon.tc.umn.edu>; Brandon Bell <brandon@arcs.bcit.bc.ca>; Fumio Moriya and Toshiaki Nomura <dsfrsoft@oai6.yk.fujitsu.co.jp>; Vincent Lefevre <vlefevre@ens-lyon.fr>; Jason Mathews <mathews@nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov>; Lars Balker Rasmussen <lbr@mjolner.dk>; Richard L. Hawes <rhawes@dmapub.dma.org>.