Linux Certif

Toute la documentation sur la certification Linux LPI

Rechercher une page de manuel

inittab

̾Á°

inittab - sysv-¸ß´¹¤Îinit¤¬»È¤¦inittab¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î½ñ¼°

³µÍ×

inittab¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¡¢¥Ö¡¼¥È¥¢¥Ã¥×»þ¤äÄ̾ﱿžÃæ¤Ë¤É¤ÎÍÍ¤Ê¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ò µ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤Î¤«(Î㤨¤Ð /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/rc, gettyÅù)¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ init(8) ¤ÏÊ£¿ô¤Î¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ò¶èÊ̤¹¤ë¡£ ¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¸ÇÍ­¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹·²¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë»ö¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£ ¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤È¤·¤ÆÍ­¸ú¤Ê¤â¤Î¤Ï¡¢0-6¤È¡¢ ondemand¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¡¼¤È¤·¤Æ¤ÎA, B, C¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ inittab¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÃæ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¡¼¤Ï¼¡¤Î½ñ¼°¤Çµ­¤µ¤ì¤ë :

id:runlevels:action:process

`#' ¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë¹Ô¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

id

¤Ï inittab ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÃæ¤Ç¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¡¼¤ò¼±Ê̤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¡¢ 1-4ʸ»ú¤«¤é¤Ê¤ë¸ÇÍ­¤Î¼±Ê̻ҤǤ¢¤ë (¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó5.2.18°ÊÁ°¤Î¡¢Ëô¤Ïa.out¤Î¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê¤Ç¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥ë¤µ¤ì¤¿ sysvinit¤Ç¤Ï2ʸ»ú¤Þ¤Ç¤ËÀ©¸Â¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë) ¡£

Ãð:gettys ¤ä¾¤Î¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¤Ï¡¢ idÍó¤ÈÂбþ¤¹¤ë tty ¤Îź»ú¤òƱ¤¸¤Ë¤¹¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤¢¤ë (Î㤨¤Ðtty1¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¤Ï1¤È¤¤¤¦¤è¤¦¤Ë)¡£ ¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¤È¡¢¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤Î¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¤¬Àµ¾ï¤ËÆ°ºî¤·¤Ê¤¤²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£

runlevels

¤Ï¡¢»ØÄꤷ¤¿Æ°ºî¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Î°ìÍ÷¤ò¼¨¤¹¡£

action

¤Ï¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÆ°ºî¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤Ù¤­¤«¤ò¤¢¤é¤ï¤¹¡£

process

¤Ë¤Ï¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£ ¥×¥í¥»¥¹Íó¤ÎºÇ½é¤Îʸ»ú¤¬`+'¤Ç¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢ init ¤Ï¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ËÂФ·¤Æ utmp µÚ¤Ó wtmp ¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¤ò¹Ô¤ï¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï gettys ¤¬¼«Ê¬¤Îutmp/wtmp¤ÎÌÌÅݤò¼«Ê¬¤Ç¤ß¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤¿¤á¤ËɬÍפȤʤäƤ¤¤ë¡£ ¤³¤ì¤ÏÎò»Ë¾åͭ̾¤Ê¥Ð¥°¤Ç¤â¤¢¤ë¡£

runlevels¤Ë¤Ï°Û¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤òɽ¤ï¤¹Ê£¿ô¤Îʸ»ú¤ò½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤âÎɤ¤¡£ Î㤨¤Ð¡¢123¤Ï¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë1, 2, 3¤Ç¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤òɽ¤ï¤¹¡£ ondemand¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¡¼¤Î¤¿¤á¤Îrunlevels¤Ï A, B, C¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«°ì¤Ä¤Î¤ß¤ò½ñ¤¯¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£ sysinit¡¢bootµÚ¤Óbootwait¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¡¼¤Î runlevelÍó¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤¬Êѹ¹¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ ¸½ºß¼Â¹ÔÃæ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¤¦¤Á¿·¤¿¤Ê¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ëµ­¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤â¤Î¤Ï¡¢ À褺SIGTERM¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢¼¡¤¤¤ÇSIGKILL¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤Ë¤è¤ê kill ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

action ¤È¤·¤ÆÍ­¸ú¤Ê¤â¤Î¤Ï¼¡¤ÎÄ̤ê:

respawn

¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬½ªÎ»¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï¾ï¤ËºÆµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë(Î㤨¤Ð getty) ¡£

wait

»ØÄꤷ¤¿¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿»þ¤Ë°ìÅÙ¤À¤±µ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¡£ init ¤Ï¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¤Þ¤ÇÂÔµ¡¤¹¤ë¡£

once

»ØÄꤷ¤¿¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿»þ¤Ë°ìÅÙ¤À¤±¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¡£

boot

¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥Ö¡¼¥ÈÃæ¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ runlevelsÍó¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

bootwait

¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥Ö¡¼¥ÈÃæ¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¤¬¡¢ init ¤Ï¤½¤ì¤¬½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¤Þ¤ÇÂÔµ¡¤¹¤ë (Î㤨¤Ð/etc/rc)¡£ runlevelsÍó¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

off

²¿¤â¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£

ondemand

ondemand¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Î°õ¤¬ÉÕ¤¤¤¿¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢ »ØÄꤷ¤¿ondemand¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿»þ¤Ë¾ï¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ ¤·¤«¤·¡¢¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ÏÊѲ½¤·¤Ê¤¤ (ondemand¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤È¤Ï`a', `b', `c'¤Î¤³¤È¤Ç¤¢¤ë)¡£

initdefault

initdefault¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¡¼¤Ï¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥Ö¡¼¥È´°Î»»þ¤ËÆþ¤ë¤Ù¤­ ¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ò¼¨¤¹¡£ initdefault¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¡¼¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ init ¤Ï¤É¤Î¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ËÆþ¤ë¤Ù¤­¤«¤ò¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤ËÌ䤤¹ç¤ï¤»¤ë¡£ processÍó¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

sysinit

¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥Ö¡¼¥ÈÃæ¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ ¤³¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¡¼¤Ï¤¤¤«¤Ê¤ëbootµÚ¤Óbootwait¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¡¼¤è¤ê¤â Àè¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ runlevelsÍó¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

powerwait

ÅŸ»¤Ë°Û¾ï¤¬µ¯¤­¤¿»þ¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¡£ init ¤ÏÉáÄÌ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ÈÀܳ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë UPS ¤ÈÄÌ¿®¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤«¤é ¤³¤Î¤³¤È¤òÃΤ餵¤ì¤ë¡£ init¤Ï¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¤Þ¤ÇÂÔµ¡¤¹¤ë¡£

powerfail

powerwait¤ÈƱÍͤÀ¤¬¡¢init¤Ï¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬´°Î»¤¹¤ë¤Î¤ò ÂÔ¤¿¤Ê¤¤¤È¤³¤í¤¬°Û¤Ê¤ë¡£

powerokwait

¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÏÅŸ»¤¬²óÉü¤·¤¿¤³¤È¤òinit¤¬ÃΤä¿»þ¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

powerfailnow

¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÏÅŸ»¤Ë°Û¾ï¤¬µ¯¤­¡¢¤µ¤é¤Ë³°Éô UPS ¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥Æ¥ê¡¼ÍÆÎ̤¬ ¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤ò(³°Éô UPS ¤È´Æ»ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¾õÂÖ¤ò ¸¡½Ð¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë)init¤¬ÃΤä¿»þ¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

ctrlaltdel

init¤¬SIGINT¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ò¼õ¤±¼è¤Ã¤¿¤È¤­¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï狼¤¬¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤ÇCTRL-ALT-DEL¤È¤¤¤¦ÁȤ߹ç¤ï¤»¤Ç ¥­¡¼¤ò²¡¤·¤¿¤³¤È¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë¡£ ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ë¤·¤¿¤¤»þ¤ä¥Þ¥·¥ó¤ò¥ê¥Ö¡¼¥È ¤·¤¿¤¤»þ¤Ê¤É¡¢shutdownŪ¤Ê¤³¤È¤ò¹Ô¤¤¤¿¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

kbrequest

init¤¬¥­¡¼¥Ü¡¼¥É¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¡¼¤«¤é¡¢¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¥­¡¼¥Ü¡¼¥É¾å¤ÇÆÃÄê¤ÎÁȤ߹ç¤ï¤» ¤Î¥­¡¼ÆþÎϤ¬¹Ô¤Ê¤ï¤ì¤¿¡¢¤È¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ò¼õ¤±¼è¤Ã¤¿¤È¤­¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ëʸ½ñ¤Ï¤Þ¤ÀÉÔ´°Á´¤Ç¤¢¤ë; kbd-x.xx ¥Ñ¥Ã¥±¡¼¥¸Ãæ¤òõ¤»¤Ð¤è¤ê¿¤¯¤Î»ñÎÁ¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤ë¤À¤í¤¦ (¤³¤Îʸ½ñ¤ò½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ë»þÅÀ¤ÇºÇ¿·¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ï kbd-0.94 ¤Ç¤¢¤ë)¡£ ´ðËÜŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤¢¤ë¥­¡¼¤ÎÁȤ߹ç¤ï¤»¤ò"KeyboardSignal"¤È¤¤¤¦Æ°ºî¤Ë·ë¤Ó¤Ä¤±¤¿¤¤ ¤È¤¤¤¦¾ì¹ç¤ËÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤ë¡£ Î㤨¤Ð¡¢Alt-¾å¸þ¤­Ìð°õ¤È¤¤¤¦¥­¡¼¤ÎÁȤ߹ç¤ï¤»¤ò¤³¤ÎÍÑÅӤ˻Ȥ¤¤¿¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ ¥­¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÃæ¤Ë¼¡¤ÎÍͤ˽ñ¤¤¤Æ¤ª¤±¤Ð¤è¤¤:

alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal

Îã

°Ê²¼¤Ï¡¢ÀΤÎLinux¤Ç»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ë»÷¤¿inittab¤ÎÎã¤Ç¤¢¤ë:

 # linuxÍѤÎinittab
 id:1:initdefault:
 rc::bootwait:/etc/rc
 1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1
 2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2
 3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3
 4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4
 

¤³¤Îinittab¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¥Ö¡¼¥ÈÃæ¤Ë/etc/rc¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¡¢ tty1-tty4¤Çgetty¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¡£

¼¡¤Ë¼¨¤¹¤Î¤Ï¡¢°Û¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤¬¤¢¤ë¼ê¤Î¹þ¤ó¤ÀÎã¤Ç¤¢¤ë (¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥ÈÃæ¤Î¥³¥á¥ó¥È¤ò»²¾È):

 # ¥Ö¡¼¥È¸å¤ËÆþ¤ë¤Ù¤­¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë
 id:2:initdefault:
 
 # ²¿¤è¤êÀ褺¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î½é´ü²½¤ò¤¹¤ë¡£
 si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/bcheckrc
 
 # ¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë0µÚ¤Ó6¤Ï¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì halt¤Èreboot¡£
 # 1 ¤Ï¥á¥ó¥Æ¥Ê¥ó¥¹¥â¡¼¥É
 l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.halt
 l1:1:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.single
 l2:2345:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.multi
 l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.reboot
 
 # "»°¤Ä»Ø¤ò¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¥ê¥»¥Ã¥È"¤µ¤ì¤¿»þ¤Ë²¿¤ò¤¹¤Ù¤­¤«¡£
 ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t5 -rf now
 
 # ¥é¥ó¥ì¥Ù¥ë2µÚ¤Ó3: ¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤Çgetty¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë
 # (¥ì¥Ù¥ë3¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¥â¥Ç¥à¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Ç¤â)¡£
 1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux
 2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux
 3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux
 4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux
 S2:3:respawn:/sbin/uugetty ttyS2 M19200
 
 

¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë

/etc/inittab

Ãø¼Ô

init¤ÏMiquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@drinkel.ow.org)¤Ë¤è¤êºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£ ¤³¤Î man ¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤Ï Sebastian Lederer (lederer@francium.informatik.uni-bonn.de)¤¬ºîÀ®¤· Michael Haardt (u31b3hs@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de)¤¬Êѹ¹¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤¿¡£

´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ

init(8), telinit(8)