srec_cat

Langue: en

Version: SRecord (debian - 07/07/09)

Section: 1 (Commandes utilisateur)

NAME

srec_cat - manipulate eprom load files

SYNOPSIS

srec_cat [ option... ] filename...
srec_cat -Help
srec_cat -VERSion

DESCRIPTION

The srec_cat program is used to assemble the given input files into a single output file. The use of filters (see below) allows significant manipulations to be performed by this command.

A warning will be emitted for each address which is redundantly set to the same value. A fatal error will be issued if any address is set with contradictory values. To suppress this behavior, use an -exclude -within filter.

INPUT FILE SPECIFICATIONS

Input may be qualified in two ways: you may specify a data file or a data generator. format and you may specify filters to apply to them. An input file specification looks like this:
data-file [ filter ... ]
data-generator [ filter ... ]

Data Files

Input from data files is specified by file name and format name. An input file specification looks like this:
filename [ format ][ -ignore-checksums ]
The default format is Motorola S-Record format, but many others are also understood.

Data Generators

It is also possible to generate data, rather than read it from a file. You may use a generator anywhere you could use a file. An input generator specification looks like this:
-GENerate address-range -data-source
Generators include random data and various forms of constant data.

Common Manual Page

See srec_input(1) for complete details of input specifiers. This description in a separate manual page because it is common to more than one SRecord command.

OPTIONS

The following options are understood:
@filename
The named text file is read for additional command line arguments. Arguments are separated by white space (space, tab, newline, etc). There is no wildcard mechanism. There is no quoting mechanism. Comments, which start with '#' and extend to the end of the line, are ignored. Blank lines are ignored.
-Output filename [ format ]
This option may be used to specify the output file to be used. The special file name ``-'' is understood to mean the standard output. Output defaults to the standard output if this option is not used.
The format may be specified as:
-Absolute_Object_Module_Format
An Intel Absolute Object Module Format file will be written. (See srec_aomf(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Ascii_Hex
An Ascii-Hex file will be written. (See srec_ascii_hex(5) for a description of this file format.)
-ASM [ prefix ][ -option... ]
A series of assembler DB statements will be written.
The optional prefix may be specified to change the names of the symbols generated. The defaults to "eprom" if not set.
Several options are available to modify the style of output:
-Dot_STyle
Use "dot" style pseudo-ops instead of words. For example .byte instead of the DB default.
-HEXadecimal_STyle
Use hexadecimal numbers in the output, rather than the default decimal numbers.
-Section_STyle
By default the generated assemble of placed at the correct address using ORG pseudo-ops. Section style output emits tables of section addresses and lengths, so the data may be related at runtime.
-A430
Generate output which is compliant to the a430.exe compiler as it is used, e.g. in IAR Embedded Workbench. This is short-hand for -section-style -hex-style
-CL430
Generate output which is Code Composer Essentials compliant, i.e. the compiler of it. This is short-hand for -section-style -hex-style -dot-style
-Output_Word
Generate output which is in two-byte words rather than bytes. This assumes little-endian words; you will need to use the -Byte-Swap filter if your target is big-endian. No attempt is made to align the words onto even address boundaries; use and input filter such as
 input-file -fill 0xFF -within input-file -range-pad 2
 
to pad the data to whole words first.
-Atmel_Generic
An Atmel Generic file will be written. (See srec_atmel_generic(5) for a description of this file format.)
-BASic
A series of BASIC DATA statements will be written.
-B-Record
A Freescale MC68EZ328 Dragonball bootstrap b-record format file will be written. (See srec_brecord(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Binary
A raw binary file will be written. If you get unexpected results please see the srec_binary(5) manual for more information.
-C-Array [ identifier ][ -option... ]
A C array defintion will be written.
The optional identifier is the name of the variable to be defined, or bugus if not specified.
-INClude
This option asks for an include file to be generated as well.
-No-CONST
This options asks for the variables to not use the const keyword (they are declared constant be default, so that they are placed into the read-only segment in embedded systems).
-C_COMpressed
These options ask for an compressed c-array whose memory gaps will not be filled.
-Output_Word
This option asks for an output which is in words not in bytes. This is little endian, so you may need to use the -Swap-bytes filter. Filler bytes of 0xFF may be inserted if necessary; use -fill -range-pad for a different value.
-DECimal_STyle
This option may be used to get decimal constants in the output, rather than the default hexadecimal constants.
-COsmac
An RCA Cosmac Elf format file will be written. (See srec_cosmac(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Dec_Binary
A DEC Binary (XXDP) format file will be written. (See srec_dec_binary(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Elektor_Monitor52
This option says to use the EMON52 format file when writing the file. (See srec_emon52(5) for a description of this file format.)
-FAIrchild
This option says to use the Fairchild Fairbug format file when writing the file. (See srec_fairchild(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Fast_Load
This option says to use the LSI Logic Fast Load format file when writing the file. (See srec_fastload(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Formatted_Binary
A Formatted Binary format file will be written. (See srec_formatted_binary(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Four_Packed_Code
This option says to use the PFC format file when writing the file. (See srec_fpd(5) for a description of this file format.)
-HEX_Dump
A human readable hexadecimal dump (including ASCII) will be printed.
-Intel
An Intel hex format file will be written. (See srec_intel(5) for a description of this file format.) The default is to emit 32-bit linear addressing; if you want 16-bit extended segment addressing use the --address-length=2 option.
-MOS_Technologies
An Mos Technologies format file will be written. (See srec_mos_tech(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Motorola [ width ]
A Motorola S-Record file will be written. (See srec_motorola(5) for a description of this file format.) This is the default output format. By default, the smallest possible address length is emitted, this will be S19 for data in the first 64KB; if you wish to force S28 use the --address-length=3 option; if you wish to force S37 use the --address-length=4 option
The optional width argument describes the number of bytes which form each address multiple. For normal uses the default of one (1) byte is appropriate. Some systems with 16-bit or 32-bit targets mutilate the addresses in the file; this option will imitate that behavior. Unlike most other parameters, this one cannot be guessed.
-Needham_Hexadecimal
This option says to use the Needham Electronics ASCII file format to write the file. See srec_needham(5) for a description of this file format.
-Ohio_Scientific
This option says to use the Ohio Scientific hexadecimal format. See srec_os65v(5) for a description of this format.
-SIGnetics
This option says to use the Signetics hex format. See srec_signetics(5) for a description of this format.
-SPAsm
This option says to use the SPASM assembler output format (commonly used by PIC programmers). See srec_spasm(5) for a description of this format.
-SPAsm_LittleEndian
This option says to use the SPASM assembler output format (commonly used by PIC programmers). But with the data the other way around.
-STewie
A Stewie binary format file will be written. (See srec_stewie(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Tektronix
A Tektronix hex format file will be written. (See srec_tektronix(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Tektronix_Extended
A Tektronix extended hex format file will be written. (See srec_tektronix_extended(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Texas_Instruments_Tagged
A TI-Tagged format file will be written. (See srec_ti_tagged(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Texas_Instruments_Tagged_16
A Texas Instruments SDSMAC 320 format file will be written. (See srec_ti_tagged_16(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Texas_Instruments_TeXT
This option says to use the Texas Instruments TXT (MSP430) format to write the file. See srec_ti_txt(5) for a description of this file format.
-VHdl [ bytes-per-word [ name ]]
A VHDL format file will be written. The bytes-per-word defaults to one, the name defaults to eprom. The etc/x_defs_pack.vhd file in the source distribution contains an example ROM definitions pack for the type-independent output. You may need to use the -byte-swap filter to get the byte order you want.
-VMem [ memory-width ]
A Verilog VMEM format file will be written. The memory-width may be 8, 16, 32, 64 or 128 bits; defaults to 32 if unspecified. (See srec_vmem(5) for a description of this file format.) You may need to use the -byte-swap filter to get the byte order you want.
-WILson
A wilson format file will be written. (See srec_wilson(5) for a description of this file format.)
-Address_Length number
This option many be used to specify the minimum number of bytes to be used in the output to represent an address (padding with leading zeros if necessary). This helps when talking to brain-dead EPROM programmers which do not fully implement the format specification.
-Data_Only
This option may be used to suppress all output except data fields. This helps when talking to brain-dead EPROM programmers which do not fully implement the format specification.
-IGnore_Checksums
The -ignore-checksums option may be used to disable checksum validation of input files, for those formats which have checksums at all. Note that the checksum values are still read in and parsed (so it is still an error if they are missing) but their values are not checked. Used after an input file name, the option affects that file alone; used anywhere else on the command line, it applies to all following files.
-Enable_Sequence_Warnings
This option may be used to enable warnings about input files where the data records are not in strictly ascending address order. Only one warning is issued per input. This is the default. Note: the output of srec_cat(1) is always in this order.
-Disable_Sequence_Warnings
This option may be used to disable warnings about input files where the data records are not in stricyly ascending address order.
-CRLF
This option may be used to specify CRLF line termination for text output. For use with brain-dead EPROM programmers which assume all the world uses Evil Bill's operating system's line termination. The default is to use the current operating system's default line termination. Use this option with caution, because it will also introduce extra (i.e. wrong) CR bytes into binary formats.
-Line_Length number
This option may be used to limit the length of the output lines to at most number characters. (Not meaningful for binary file format.) Defaults to something less than 80 characters, depending on the format.
-HEAder string
This option may be used to set the header comment, in those formats which support it.
-Start_Address number
This option may be used to set the start address, in those formats which support it.
-MULTiple
Use this option to permit a file to contain multiple (contradictory) values for some memory locations. A warning will be printed. The last value in the file will be used. The default is for this condition to be a fatal error.

All other options will produce a diagnostic error.

All options may be abbreviated; the abbreviation is documented as the upper case letters, all lower case letters and underscores (_) are optional. You must use consecutive sequences of optional letters.

All options are case insensitive, you may type them in upper case or lower case or a combination of both, case is not important.

For example: the arguments "-help", "-HEL" and "-h" are all interpreted to mean the -Help option. The argument "-hlp" will not be understood, because consecutive optional characters were not supplied.

Options and other command line arguments may be mixed arbitrarily on the command line.

The GNU long option names are understood. Since all option names for srec_cat are long, this means ignoring the extra leading '-'. The "--option=value" convention is also understood.

EXIT STATUS

The srec_cat command will exit with a status of 1 on any error. The srec_cat command will only exit with a status of 0 if there are no errors.
srec_cat version 1.39
Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Peter Miller

The srec_cat program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details use the 'srec_cat -VERSion License' command. This is free software and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; for details use the 'srec_cat -VERSion License' command.

AUTHOR

Peter Miller E-Mail: millerp@canb.auug.org.au
/\/\* WWW: http://www.canb.auug.org.au/~millerp/