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unix2dos

NAME

unix2dos - UNIX to DOS/MAC text file format converter

SYNOPSYS

unix2dos [options] [-c convmode] [-o file ...] [-n infile outfile ...]

Options:

[-fhkLlqV] [--force] [--help] [--keepdate] [--license] [--newline] [--quiet] [--version]

DESCRIPTION

Unix2dos converts text files in UNIX format to DOS/MAC format. Binary files and non-regular files, such as soft links, are automatically skipped, unless conversion is forced.

Unix2dos has a few conversion modes similar to unix2dos under SunOS/Solaris.

In DOS/Windows text files line endings exist out of a combination of two characters: a Carriage Return (CR) followed by a Line Feed (LF). In Unix text files line endings exists out of a single Newline character which is equal to a DOS Line Feed (LF) character. In Mac text files, prior to Mac OS X, line endings exist out of a single Carriage Return character. Mac OS X is Unix based and has the same line endings as Unix.

OPTIONS

The following options are available:

-c --convmode convmode

Set conversion mode. Where convmode is one of: ascii, 7bit, iso, mac with ascii being the default.

-f --force

Force conversion of all files. Also binary files.

-h --help

Display online help.

-k --keepdate

Keep the date stamp of output file same as input file.

-L --license

Display software license.

-l --newline

Add additional newline. Only Unix line endings are changed to two DOS line endings. In Mac mode Unix line endings are changed to two Mac line endings.

-n --newfile infile outfile ...

New file mode. Convert the infile and write output to outfile. File names must be given in pairs and wildcard names should NOT be used or you WILL lose your files.

-o --oldfile file ...

Old file mode. Convert the file and write output to it. The program default to run in this mode. Wildcard names may be used.

-q --quiet

Quiet mode. Suppress all warning and messages.

-V --version

Display version information.

CONVERSION MODES

Conversion modes ascii , 7bit , and iso are similar to those of unix2dos under SunOS/Solaris.

ascii

In this mode Unix line endings are converted to DOS line endings. DOS and Mac line endings are not changed.

Although the name of this mode is ASCII, which is a 7 bit standard, the actual mode is 8 bit.

mac

In this mode Unix line endings are converted to Mac line endings. DOS and Mac line endigs are not changed.

7bit

In this mode Unix line endings are converted to DOS line endings. All 8 bit non-ASCII characters (with values from 128 to 255) are converted to a space.

iso

In this mode Unix line endings are converted to DOS line endings. Characters are converted from ISO character set ISO-8859-1 to DOS character set (code page) CP437. ISO-8859-1 characters without CP437 equivalent, for which conversion is not possible, are converted to a dot. CP437 is mainly used in the USA. In Western Europe CP850 is more standard.

Another option to convert text files between different encodings is to use unix2dos in combination with iconv(1). Iconv can convert between a long list of character encodings. Some examples:

Convert from Unix Latin-1 to DOS DOSLatinUS

unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP437 > out.txt
Convert from Unix Latin-1 to DOS DOSLatin1

unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP850 > out.txt
Convert from Unix Latin-1 to Windows WinLatin1

unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP1252 > out.txt
Convert from Unix UTF-8 (Unicode) to Windows WinLatin1

unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f UTF-8 -t CP1252 in.txt > out.txt
Convert from Unix UTF-8 (Unicode) to Windows UTF-16 (Unicode)

unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-16 > out.txt
See also <http://czyborra.com/charsets/codepages.html>
and <http://czyborra.com/charsets/iso8859.html>.

UNICODE

Unicode files can be encoded in different encodings. On Unix/Linux Unicode files are mostly encoded in UTF-8 encoding. UTF-8 is ASCII compatible. UTF-8 files can be in DOS, Unix or Mac format. It is safe to run dos2unix/unix2dos on UTF-8 encoded files. On Windows mostly UTF-16 encoding is used for Unicode files. Dos2unix/unix2dos should not be run on UTF-16 files. UTF-16 files are automatically skipped, because it are binary files.

EXAMPLES

Get input from stdin and write output to stdout.

unix2dos

Convert and replace a.txt. Convert and replace b.txt.

unix2dos a.txt b.txt

unix2dos -o a.txt b.txt

Convert and replace a.txt in ascii conversion mode. Convert and replace b.txt in 7bit conversion mode.

unix2dos a.txt -c 7bit b.txt

unix2dos -c ascii a.txt -c 7bit b.txt

Convert a.txt from Unix to Mac format.

dos2unix -c mac a.txt

unix2mac a.txt

Convert and replace a.txt while keeping original date stamp.

unix2dos -k a.txt

unix2dos -k -o a.txt

Convert a.txt and write to e.txt.

unix2dos -n a.txt e.txt

Convert a.txt and write to e.txt, keep date stamp of e.txt same as a.txt.

unix2dos -k -n a.txt e.txt

Convert and replace a.txt. Convert b.txt and write to e.txt.

unix2dos a.txt -n b.txt e.txt

unix2dos -o a.txt -n b.txt e.txt

Convert c.txt and write to e.txt. Convert and replace a.txt. Convert and replace b.txt. Convert d.txt and write to f.txt.

unix2dos -n c.txt e.txt -o a.txt b.txt -n d.txt f.txt

AUTHORS

Benjamin Lin - <blin@socs.uts.edu.au>

Erwin Waterlander - <waterlan@xs4all.nl>

Project page: http://www.xs4all.nl/~waterlan/dos2unix.html

SourceForge page: http://sourceforge.net/projects/dos2unix/

Freshmeat: http://freshmeat.net/projects/dos2unix

SEE ALSO

dos2unix(1) unix2mac(1) iconv(1)