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mbuffer

NAME

mbuffer - measuring buffer

SYNTAX

mbuffer [options]

DESCRIPTION

mbuffer buffers I/O operations and displays the throughput rate. It is multi-threaded, supports network connections, and offers more options than the standard buffer.

OPTIONS

-i <filename>

Use filename as input instead of the standard input (needs to be given for multi volume support). If filename is -, input is read from standard input.

-I <port>

Use network port port as input instead of the standard input. If given a hostname and a port in the form hostname:port, the first interface with the IP of hostname will be used.

-o <filename>

Use filename as output instead of the standard output (needs to be given for multi volume support, will enable use of sendfile if available). If filename is -, output is written to standard output. The option -o can be passed multiple times to specify multiple outputs.

-O <hostname:port>

Write output to hostname:port instead of the standard output (will enable use of sendfile if available). This option can be used multiple times to send data to multiple machines.

-b <num>

Use num blocks for buffer (default 256).

-s <size>

Use blocks of size bytes for buffer (default pagesize of system).

-m <size>

Use a total of size bytes for buffer (default 2MB) - size can be set with a trailing character (b and B for Byte, k for kByte, M for MByte, G for Gigabyte, and with % for a percentage of total physical memory).

-L

Lock buffer in memory - this option is not available for file-based buffers and requires mbuffer to be set-UID root (use with care).

-n <num>

num volumes in input device (requires use of option -i for input device specification) [currently multi volume support is EXPERIMENTAL]

-t

use a memory-mapped temporary file as buffer (use with huge buffers)

-T <file>

as -t but use file instead

-d

use block-size of device for output (needed for some devices, slows output down)

-D <size>

assume an output volume of size bytes (default infinite) after which a volume change will be initiated. Small values are useful for the timely testing of multi-volume runs; accurate values if your device doesn't properly signal end of media. Size can be set with a trailing character (b and B for Byte, k for kByte, M for MByte, or G for Gigabyte)

-P <num>

start writing after the buffer has been filled to num% (default 0 - start at once)

-p <num>

start reading after the buffer has dropped below fill-ratio of num% (default 100 - start at once)

-l <file>

log messages to file instead of standard error output

-u <num>

pause num microseconds after each write - might increase performance on some drives with very low performance (< 1 MB/sec)

-r <rate>

Set the maximum read rate to <rate>. <rate> can be given in either Bytes, kBytes, MBytes, or GBytes per second. To do so, use an appropriate suffix (i.e. k,M,G). This option is useful if you have a tape that is capable of transferring data faster than the host can handle it. In this case you can use this option to limit the transfer rate and keep the tape running. Be aware that this is both good for your tape drive, and enhances overall performance, by avoiding tape screwing.

-R <rate>

Same as above only for setting the transfer limit for the writer.

-A <cmd>

the device used is an autoloader which uses cmd to load the next volume

-a <time>

the device used is an autoloader which takes time seconds to load a new tape

-f

overwrite output file if it exists already

-c

write with synchronous data integrity support - This option forces all writes to complete before continuing. This enables errors to be reported earlier and more precisely, but might decrease performance. Especially systems with high level of data integrity support suffer a huge performance hit. Others might seem to be unaffected, but just neglect support for full synchronous data integrity.

-v <num>

set verbose level to num. Valid values are 0..6 (0 = none, 1 = errors, 2 = warnings, 4 = information messages, 5 = debugging messages, 6 = I/O debugging). Higher values include lower values messages.

-q

quiet - do not display the status on the standard error output --direct Use O_DIRECT to open file descriptors. This option is not available on all systems. It tells the OS to bypass the page cache to improve performance when reading and writing. On Solaris this is an auto-magic option that is enabled if it is supported for the relevant file. Be aware that this option might lead to read/write failures, if the buffer isn't properly aligned for direct I/O. Additionally, open might fail with EINVAL (i.e. invalid argument) if the named file does not support O_DIRECT.

-6

Force IPv6 mode for the following network I/O options on command line. -4 Force IPv4 mode for the following network I/O options on command line. -0 Choose IPv4/IPv6 mode on demand.

-h, --help

Output help information and exit.

-H, --md5

Generate a MD5 hash of transferred data.

-V, --version

Output version information and exit.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

If TMPDIR is set, mbuffer allocates storage for file-based buffers in this directory. If TMPDIR is unset, /var/tmp will be used.

FILES

/usr/bin/mbuffer
/var/tmp/mbuffer-*

EXAMPLES

To run this program with the default options just type:

mbuffer

Using mbuffer to do a backup with tar to the default tape device. Options for this example: memory-mapped temporary file with a size of 10 Megabytes, start after 80% of the buffer have been filled.

tar cf - mydirectory | gzip | mbuffer -t -m 10M -P 80 -f -o $TAPE

Using mbuffer with 3 tapes for input and extracting the contents in the current work directory:

mbuffer -n 3 -i $TAPE | gzip -dc | tar xf -

Using mbuffer to write to multiple tape volumes:

tar cf - /usr | mbuffer -f -o $TAPE

Write to multiple tapes and erase every tape before writing:

tar cf - /usr | mbuffer -A "echo next tape; read a < /dev/tty; mt erase $TAPE" -f -o $TAPE

Making a backup via network:

tape server: mbuffer -I 8000 -f -o $TAPE

backup client: tar zcf - /home | mbuffer -O tapeserver:8000

Distributing a directory tree to multiple machines:

master: tar cf - /tree_to_clone | mbuffer -O clone0:8000 -O clone1:8000

clones: mbuffer -I master:8000 | tar xf -

EXITCODE

mbuffer return 0 upon success. Any kind of failure will yield a non-zero exit code.

AUTHORS

Thomas Maier-Komor <thomas@maier-komor.de>

DONATIONS

If you like this software, and use it for production purposes in your company, please consider making a donation to support this work. You can donate directly via PayPal to the author's e-mail address (thomas@maier-komor.de).

HOMEPAGE

http://www.maier-komor.de/mbuffer.html

LICENSE

This software is published under GNU General Public License V3. See file LICENSE for details.

SEE ALSO

buffer(1)