Linux Certif

Toute la documentation sur la certification Linux LPI

ps.map

NAME

ps.map - Hardcopy PostScript map output utility.

KEYWORDS

postscript, map, printing

SYNOPSIS

ps.map
ps.map help
ps.map [-rpe] [input=string] [output=string] [scale=mapscale] [copies=integer] [--verbose] [--quiet]

Flags:

-r

Rotate plot 90 degrees

-p

List paper formats ( name width height left right top bottom(margin) )

-e

Create EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) instead of PostScript file

--verbose

Verbose module output

--quiet

Quiet module output

Parameters:

input=string

File containing mapping instructions (or use input=- to enter from keyboard)

output=string

PostScript output file

scale=mapscale

Scale of the output map, e.g. 1:25000 (default: Auto-sized to fit page)

copies=integer

Number of copies to print
Options: 1-20

DESCRIPTION

ps.map is a cartographic mapping program for producing high quality hardcopy maps in PostScript format. Output can include a raster map, any number of vector overlays, text labels, decorations, and other spatial data.

A file of mapping instructions that describes the various spatial and textual information to be printed must be prepared prior to running ps.map.

NOTES

The order of commands is generally unimportant but may affect how some layers are drawn. For example to plot vpoints above vareas list the vpoints entry first. Raster maps are always drawn first, and only a single raster map (or 3 if part of a RGB group) may be used.

The hash character ('#') may be used at the beginning of a line to indicate that the line is a comment. Blank lines will also be ignored.

Be aware that some mapping instructions require the end command and some do not. Any instruction that allows subcommands will require it, any instruction that does not allow subcommands will not.

The resolution and extent of raster maps plotted with ps.map are controlled by the current region settings via the g.region module. The output filesize is largely a function of the region resolution, so special care should be taken if working with large raster datasets. For example if the desired output is US-Letter sized paper at 300dpi, with 1" margins and the raster filling the entire page, the usable area on the page will be 6.5" x 9", which at 300 dots/inch is equivalent to a region of 1950 columns x 2700 rows (see dqg.region -p"). Any higher resolution settings will make the output file larger, but with a consumer printer you probably won't be able to resolve any better detail in the hardcopy.

The user can specify negative or greater than 100 percentage values for positioning several map decorations and embedded EPS-files, to move them outside the current map box region (for example to position a caption, barscale, or legend above or below the map box).

One "pixel" is 1/72 of an inch.

For users wanting to use special characters (such as accented characters) it is important to note that ps.map uses ISO-8859-1 encoding. This means that your instructions file will have to be encoded in this encoding. If you normally work in a different encoding environment (such as UTF-8), you have to transform your file to the ISO-8859-1 encoding, for example by using the iconv utility:
iconv -f UTF-8 -t ISO_8859-1 utf_file > iso_file

MAPPING INSTRUCTIONS

The mapping instructions allow the user to specify various spatial data to be plotted. These instructions are normally prepared in a regular text file using a system editor. Some instructions are single line instructions while others are multiple line. Multiple line instructions consist of the main instruction followed by a subsection of one or more additional instructions and are terminated with an end instruction.

Instruction keywords:

[ border | colortable | comments | copies | eps | geogrid | greyrast | grid | group | header | labels | line | mapinfo | maploc | maskcolor | outline | paper | point | psfile | raster | read | rectangle | region | rgb | scale | scalebar | setcolor | text | vareas | vlines | vpoints | vlegend | end ]

Common instructions

Instructions that may be included in the subsection under several different main instructions are:

where x y

The top left corner of the bounding box of the item to be plotted is located x inches from the left edge of the paper and y inches from the top edge of the paper. If x is less than or equal to zero, the default horizontal location is used. If y is less than or equal to zero, the default vertical location is used.

font font name

The name of the PostScript font. Fonts present in all PostScript implementations are: Times-Roman, Times-Italic, Times-Bold, Times-BoldItalic, Helvetica, Helvetica-Oblique, Helvetica-Bold, Helvetica-BoldOblique, Courier, Courier-Oblique, Courier-Bold, and Courier-BoldOblique.
The default is Helvetica.

fontsize font size

The size of the PostScript font (in 1/72nds of an inch). The default is 10.

color name

The following colors names are accepted by ps.map: aqua, black, blue, brown, cyan, gray, grey, green, indigo, magenta, orange, purple, red, violet, white, yellow
For vectors and some plotting commands you can also specify cqnone' or 'R:G:B' (e.g '255:0:0').

Command usage

border

Controls the border which is drawn around the map area.
USAGE: border [y|n]
       color color

       width #

       end

The color may be either a standard GRASS color, a R:G:B triplet, or "none". The width is specified in points, unless followed by an "i" in which case it is measured in inches. The default is a black border box of width 1 point.

The border can be turned off completely with the dqborder n" instruction. In this case the end command should not be given as the main command will be treated as a single line instruction.

This example would create a grey border 0.1" wide.
EXAMPLE:
       border

       color grey

       width 0.1i

       end

colortable

Prints the color table for the raster map layer anywhere on the page.
USAGE: colortable [y|n]

       where x y

       raster raster map

       range minimum maximum

       width table width

       height table height (FP legend only)

       cols table columns

       font font name

       fontsize font size

       color text color

       nodata [Y|n]

       tickbar [y|N]

       end

The color table will display the colors for each raster map layer category value and the category label. If raster is omitted, the colortable defaults to a previously registered raster layer. The legend's range can be adjusted for floating point rasters, but if set beyond the extent of the map's range be sure that you have set up color rules with r.colors which cover this range. The default location for the colortable is immediately below any other map legend information, starting at the left margin. The default text color is black. Omitting the colortable instruction would result in no color table. For floating point legends width is width of color band only. height is used only for floating point legend. Adding the nodata n instruction will prevent the "no data" box from being drawn (category based legends only). Adding the tickbar y instruction will change the tick mark style so that ticks are drawn across the color table instead of protruding out to the right (floating point legends only).

  Note: Be careful about asking for color tables for raster map layers which have many categories, such as elevation. This could result in the printing of an extremely long color table!

Another issue is that the color table only includes categories which have a label. If there are only a few categories, you can use r.support to manually add labels. If there are too many categories to do this, you could write a script to add dummy labels to the cats file
(///cats/).

If the colortable is turned off with a "colortable n" instruction the end command should not be given as the main command will be treated as a single line instruction.

This example would print a color table immediately below any other map legend information, starting at the left margin, with 4 columns:
EXAMPLE:       

       colortable y


        cols 4

        width 4

        end

comments

Prints comments anywhere on the page.
USAGE: comments commentfile

       where x y

       font font name

       fontsize font size

       color text color

       end

The default location is immediately below the last item item printed, starting at the left margin. The default text color is black.

If you wish to use parentheses spanning multiple lines you will need to quote them with a backslash to prevent the PostScript interpreter from getting confused. e.g. 'rs(' and 'rs)'

This example prints in blue whatever is in the file veg.comments starting at 1.5 inches from the left edge of the page and 7.25 inches from the top of the page, using a 15/72 inch Helvetica Bold font.
EXAMPLE:       

       raster vegetation

       comments veg.comments

       where 1.5 7.25

       font Helvetica Bold

       fontsize 15

       color blue

       end

Presumably, the file veg.comments contain comments pertaining to the raster map layer vegetation, such as "This map was created by classifying a LANDSAT TM image".

copies

Specifies the number of copies to be printed.
USAGE: copies n

Each page will be printed n times.

This instruction is identical to the copies command line parameter.

eps

Places EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) pictures on the output map.
USAGE: eps east north

       eps x% y%

       epsfile EPS file

       scale #

       rotate #        

       masked [y|n]

       end     

The EPS picture location is entered in the main instruction line by giving either the map coordinates or by using percentages of the geographic region. The EPS picture will be centered at the given position. The user must specify full EPS file path epsfile. The user may also specify the scale of the icon (default is 1.0), the rotate i.e. rotation in degrees (default is 0) and whether the point is to be masked by the current mask. (See manual entry for r.mask for more information on the mask.)

This example would place a EPS file ./epsf/logo.eps at the point (E456000 N7890000). This picture would be rotated 20 degrees clockwise, 3 times bigger than in original file and would not be masked by the current mask.
EXAMPLE:
       eps 456000 7890000

       epsfile ./epsf/logo.eps

       scale 3

       rotate 20       

       masked n

       end     

Of course, multiple EPS pictures may be drawn with multiple eps instructions.

geogrid

Overlays a geographic grid onto the output map.
USAGE: geogrid spacing unit

       color color

       numbers # [color]

       font font name

       fontsize font size

       width #

       end

The spacing and spacing unit of the geographic grid is given on the main instruction line. The spacing unit is given as one of d for degrees, m for minutes, and s for seconds. The subsection instructions allow the user to specify the color of the geographic grid lines, whether coordinate numbers should appear on the geographic grid lines, the width of the lines (accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers), and if they should appear every grid line (1), every other grid line (2), etc., and what color the numbers should be. The defaults are black grid lines, unnumbered.

NOTE: The geogrid draws grid numbers on the east and south borders of the map.

This example would overlay a blue geographic grid with a spacing of 30 minutes onto the output map. Alternate grid lines would be numbered with yellow numbers.
EXAMPLE:
       geogrid 30 m

       color blue

       numbers 2 yellow

       end

greyrast

Selects a raster map layer for output in shades of grey.
USAGE: greyrast mapname

For each ps.map run, only one raster map layer can be requested (using either the greyrast or the raster instruction).

grid

Overlays a coordinate grid onto the output map.
USAGE: grid spacing

       color color

       numbers # [color]

       cross cross size

       font font name

       fontsize font size

       width #

       end

The spacing of the grid is given (in the geographic coordinate system units) on the main instruction line. The subsection instructions allow the user to specify the color of the grid lines, whether coordinate numbers should appear on the grid lines, and if they should appear every grid line (1), every other grid line (2), etc., and what color the numbers should be. The cross argument draws grid intersection crosses instead of grid lines, with cross size given in geographic coordinate system units. The defaults are black grid lines, unnumbered.

This example would overlay a green grid with a spacing of 10000 meters (for a metered database, like UTM) onto the output map. Alternate grid lines would be numbered with red numbers.
EXAMPLE:
       grid 10000

       color green

       numbers 2 red

       end

group

Selects an RGB imagery group for output.
USAGE: group groupname

This is similar to raster, except that it uses an imagery group instead of a raster map layer. The group must contain three raster map layers, comprising the red, green and blue bands of the image.

header

Prints the map header above the map.
USAGE: header

       file header file

       font font name

       fontsize font size

       color text color

       end

If the file sub-instruction is absent the header will consist of the map's title and the location's description. The text will be centered on the page above the map. The default text color is black.

This example prints (in red) whatever is in the file soils.hdr above the map, using a 20/72 inch Courier font.
EXAMPLE:       

       header

       file soils.hdr

       font Courier

       fontsize 20

       color red

       end

labels

Selects a labels file for output (see manual entry for v.label ).
USAGE: labels labelfile

       font font name

       end

NOTE: ps.map can read new option 'ROTATE:' from labels file, which specifies counter clockwise rotation in degrees.

This example would paint labels from the labels file called town.names. Presumably, these labels would indicate the names of towns on the map.
EXAMPLE:       

       labels town.names

       end

line

Draws lines on the output map.
USAGE: line east north east north

       line x% y% x% y%

       color color

       width #

       masked [y|n]

       end

The beginning and ending points of the line are entered on the main instruction. These points can be defined either by map coordinates or by using percentages of the geographic region. The user may also specify line color, width in pixels (accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers), and if the line is to be masked by the current mask. (See manual entry for r.mask for more information on the mask.)

This example would draw a yellow line from the point x=10% y=80% to the point x=30% y=70%. This line would be 2 pixels wide and would appear even if there is a mask.
EXAMPLE:
       line 10% 80% 30% 70%

       color yellow

       width 2

       masked n

       end

Of course, multiple lines may be drawn with multiple line instructions.

mapinfo

Prints the portion of the map legend containing the scale, grid and region information, on or below the map.
USAGE: mapinfo

       where x y

       font font name

       fontsize font size

       color text color

       background box color|none

       border color|none

       end

The default location is immediately below the map, starting at the left edge of the map. The default text color is black. The default background box color is white.

border will draw a border around the legend using the specified color. (see NAMED COLORS)

This example prints (in brown) the scale, grid and region information immediately below the map and starting 1.5 inches from the left edge of the page, using a 12/72 inch Courier font.
EXAMPLE:
       mapinfo

       where 1.5 0

       font Courier

       fontsize 12

       color brown

       end

maploc

Positions the map on the page.
USAGE: maploc x y [width height]

The upper left corner of the map will be positioned x inches from the left edge of the page and y inches from the top of the page. If width and height (in inches) are present, the map will be rescaled, if necessary, to fit.

This example positions the upper left corner of the map 2.0 inches from the left edge and 3.5 inches from the top edge of the map.
EXAMPLE:
       maploc 2.0 3.5

maskcolor

Color to be used for mask.
USAGE: maskcolor color

outline

Outlines the areas of a raster map layer with a specified color.
USAGE: outline

       color color

       width width of line in pixels

       end

Distinct areas of the raster map will be separated from each other visually by drawing a border (or outline) in the specified color (default: black). For width the program accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers. Note: it is important the user enter the instruction end even if a color is not chosen. (It is hoped that in the future the outline of a different raster map layer other than the one currently being painted may be placed on the map.)

This example would outline the category areas of the soils raster map layer in grey.
EXAMPLE:       

       raster soils

       outline

       color grey

       width 2

       end

paper

Specifies paper size and margins.
USAGE: paper paper name

       height #

       width #

       left #

       right #

       bottom #

       top #

       end     

paper may select predefined paper name (a4,a3,a2,a1,a0,us-legal,us-letter,us-tabloid). Default paper size is a4. The measures are defined in inches. left, right, bottom and top are paper margins. If the plot is rotated with the -r command line flag, measures are applied to the rotated page.

EXAMPLE:
       paper a3

       end     

EXAMPLE:
       paper

       width 10

       height 10

       left 2

       right 2

       bottom 2

       top 2

       end     

point

Places additional points or icons on the output map.
USAGE: point east north

       point x% y%

       color color

       fcolor color

       symbol symbol group/name

       size #

       rotate #

       masked [y|n]

       end     

The point location is entered in the main instruction line by giving either the map coordinates or by using percentages of the geographic region. The user may also specify the point color, the size of symbol in points, the rotation angle (in degrees CCW), and whether the point is to be masked by the current mask. (See manual entry for r.mask for more information on the mask.)

This example would place a purple diamond (from icon file diamond) at the point (E456000 N7890000). This diamond would be the the size of a 15 points and would not be masked by the current mask.
EXAMPLE:
       point 456000 7890000

       fcolor purple

       color black

       symbol basic/diamond

       size 15

       masked n

       end     

Of course, multiple points may be drawn with multiple point instructions.

psfile

Copies a file containing PostScript commands into the output file.

Note: ps.map will not search for this file. The user must be in the correct directory or specify the full path on the psfile instruction. (Note to /bin/csh users: ~ won't work with this instruction).
USAGE: psfile filename

This example copies the file "logo.ps" into the output file.
EXAMPLE:       

       psfile logo.ps

raster

Selects a raster map layer for output.
USAGE: raster mapname

For each ps.map run, only one raster map layer (or set of layers or imagery group; see below) can be requested. If no raster map layer is requested, a completely white map will be produced. It can be useful to select no raster map layer in order to provide a white background for vector maps.

Note that an imagery group selected with the group option, or a set of three raster layers selected with the rgb option, count as a raster map layer for the purposes of the preceding paragraph.

This example would paint a map of the raster map layer soils.
EXAMPLE:       

       raster soils

read

Provides ps.map with a previously prepared input stream.
USAGE: read previously prepared UNIX file

Mapping instructions can be placed into a file and read into ps.map.

Note: ps.map will not search for this file. The user must be in the correct directory or specify the full path on the read instruction. (Note to /bin/csh users: ~ won't work with this instruction).

This example reads the UNIX file pmap.roads into ps.map. This file may contain all the ps.map instructions for placing the vector map layer roads onto the output map.
EXAMPLE:
       read pmap.roads

The user may have created this file because this vector map layer is particularly useful for many ps.map outputs. By using the read option, the user need not enter all the input for the vector instruction, but simply read the previously prepared file with the correct instructions.

rectangle

Draws rectangle on the output map.
USAGE: rectangle east north east north

       rectangle x% y% x% y%

       color color

       fcolor fill color       

       width #

       masked [y|n]

       end

The two corners of the rectangle are entered on the main instruction. These points can be defined either by map coordinates or by using percentages of the geographic region. The user may also specify line color, fill color fcolor, width in pixels (accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers), and if the rectangle is to be masked by the current mask. (See manual entry for r.mask for more information on the mask.)
Multiple rectangles may be drawn by using multiple rectangle instructions.

This example would draw a yellow rectangle filled by green from the point x=10% y=80% to the point x=30% y=70%. This line would be 2 pixels wide and would appear even if there is a mask.
EXAMPLE:
       rectangle 10% 80% 30% 70%

       color yellow

       fcolor green    

       width 2

       masked n

       end

region

Places the outline of a smaller geographic region on the output.
USAGE: region regionfile

       color color

       width #

       end

Geographic region settings are created and saved using the g.region module. The ps.map region option can be used to show an outline of a smaller region which was printed on a separate run of ps.map on other user-created maps.

The user can specify the color and the width in pixel units (accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers) of the outline. The default is a black border of one pixel width.

This example would place a white outline, 2 pixels wide, of the geographic region called fire.zones onto the output map. This geographic region would have been created and saved using g.region.
EXAMPLE:
       region fire.zones

       color white

       width 2

       end

rgb

Selects three raster map layers for output as an RGB color image.
USAGE: rgb red green blue

This is similar to raster, except that it uses three raster map layers instead of a single layer. The three layers are composed to form a color image, similar to d.rgb.

For each layer, only one of the components of the layer's color table is used: the red component for the red layer, and so on. This will give the desired result if all of the layers have a grey-scale color table, or if each layer's color table uses the hue appropriate to the layer.

scale

Selects a scale for the output map.
USAGE: scale scale

The scale can be selected either as:

a relative ratio, e.g. 1:25000;

an absolute width of the printed map, e.g. 10 inches;

the number of printed paper panels, e.g. 3 panels .I (at the present time, only 1 panel is supported);

the number of miles per inch, e.g. 1 inch equals 4 miles.

This example would set the scale of the map to 1 unit = 25000 units.
EXAMPLE:       

       scale 1:25000

This instruction is identical to the scale command line parameter.
NOTE: Using "scale" from the command line is depreciated and while still provided for compatibility reasons it will be removed in the future. Please use the "scale" mapping instruction instead.

scalebar

Draws a scalebar on the map.
USAGE: scalebar [f|s]

       where x y

       length scale length

       height scale height

       segment no. segments

       numbers #

       fontsize font size

       background [Y|n]

       end

Draw one of two types of scale bar. Fancy (f) draws alternating black and white scale boxes. Simple (s) draws a plain line scale. The default type is fancy. The subsection instructions allow the user to set where the scalebar is placed, the length of the scalebar (in geographic coordinate system units), the height of the scalebar in inches, and the number of segments (or tics for simple). The number of annotations numbers every n-th segment. The background command can turn off the background box for the text.

The scalebar length is the only required argument. The defaults are a fancy scalebar with 4 segments, each segment labeled, and a height of 0.1 inches. The default location is 2 inches from the top of the page and halfway across.

NOTE: The scalebar is centered on the location given.

This example draws a simple scalebar 1000 meters (for a metered database, like UTM) long, with tics every 200 meters, labeled every second tic. The scalebar is drawn 5 inches from the top and 4 inches from the left and is 0.25 inches high.
EXAMPLE:
       scalebar s

       where 4 5

       length 1000

       height 0.25

       segment 5

       numbers 2

       end

setcolor

Overrides the color assigned to one or more categories of the raster map layer.
USAGE: setcolor cat(s) color

This example would set the color for categories 2,5 and 8 of the raster map layer watersheds to white and category 10 to green. (NOTE: no spaces are inserted between the category values.)
EXAMPLE:       

       raster watersheds

       setcolor 2,5,8 white

       setcolor 10 green

Of course, setcolor can be requested more than once to override the default color for additional categories. More than one category can be changed for each request by listing all the category values separated by commas (but with no spaces).

text

Places text on the map.
USAGE: text east north text

       text x% y% text

       font fontname

       color color|none

       width #

       hcolor color|none

       hwidth #

       background color|none

       border color|none

       fontsize font size

       size #

       ref reference point

       rotate degrees CCW

       xoffset #

       yoffset #

       opaque [y|n]

       end

The user specifies where the text will be placed by providing map coordinates or percentages of the geographic region. The text follows these coordinates on the same instruction line. More than one line of text can be specified by notating the end of a line with rsn (e.g. USArsnCERL).

The user can then specify various text features:

font: the PostScript font. Common possibilities are listed at the start of this help page. The default is Helvetica.

color (see NAMED COLORS);

width of the lines used to draw the text to make thicker letters (accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers);

size and fontsize. size gives the vertical height of the letters in meters on the ground (text size will grow or shrink depending on the scale at which the map is painted). Alternatively fontsize can set the font size directly. If neither size or fontsize is given, a default font size of 10 will be used;

the highlight color (hcolor) and the width of the highlight color (hwidth);

the text-enclosing-box background color; the text box border color;

ref. This reference point specifies the text handle - what part of the text should be placed on the location specified by the map coordinates. Reference points can refer to: [lower|upper|center] [left|right|center] of the text to be printed; The default is center center, i.e the text is centered on the reference point.

rotate sets the text rotation angle, measured in degrees counter-clockwise.

yoffset, which provides finer placement of text by shifting the text a vertical distance in pixels from the specified north. The vertical offset will shift the location to the south if positive, north if negative;

xoffset, which shifts the text a horizontal distance in pixels from the specified east The horizontal offset will shift the location east if positive, west if negative;

opaque, whether or not the text should be opaque to vectors. Entering no to the opaque option will allow the user to see any vectors which go through the text's background box. Otherwise, they will end at the box's edge.

The following example would place the text SPEARFISH LAND COVER at the coordinates E650000 N7365000. The text would be a total of 3 pixels wide (2 pixels of red text and 1 pixel black highlight), have a white background enclosed in a red box, and be 500 meters in size. The lower right corner of the text would be centered over the coordinates provided. All vectors on the map would stop at the border of this text.
EXAMPLE:       

       text 650000 7365000 SPEARFISH LAND COVER

       font romand

       color red

       width 2

       hcolor black

       hwidth 1

       background white

       border red

       size 500

       ref lower left

       opaque y

       end

vareas

Selects a vector map layer for output and plots areas.
USAGE: vareas vectormap

       layer # (layer number used with cats/where option)

       cats list of categories (e.g. 1,3,5-7)

       where SQL where statement

       masked [y|n]

       color color

       fcolor color

       rgbcolumn column

       width #

       label label to use in legend

       lpos position in legend

       pat pattern file

       pwidth #

       scale #

       end

The user can specify:

color - color of the vector lines or area boundaries;

fcolor - the area fill color;

rgbcolumn - name of color definition column used for the area fill color;

width - width of the vectors lines or area boundaries in pixels (accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers);

masked - whether or not the raster map layer is to be masked by the current mask; (see manual entry r.mask for more information on the mask)

cats - which categories should be plotted (default is all);

where - select features using a SQL where statement. For example: vlastnik = 'Cimrman';

label - for description in vlegend. Default is: map(mapset);

lpos - position vector is plotted in legend. If lpos is 0 then this vector is omitted in legend. If more vectors used the same lpos then their symbols in legend are merged and label for first vector is used.

pat - full path to pattern file. The pattern file contains header and simple PostScript commands. It is similar to EPS but more limited, meaning that while each pattern file is a true EPS file, most EPS files are not useful as pattern files because they contain restricted commands. Color and width of patterns are set by fcolor (red, green, ..., none, R:G:B) and width until overwritten in the pattern file. Pattern may be scaled with the scale command. Several standard hatching patterns are provided in $GISBASE/etc/paint/patterns/. Demonstrative images can be found on the GRASS Wiki site. You can also create your own custom pattern files in a text editor. Example of pattern file:
%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-1.2
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 10 10
newpath
5 0 moveto
5 10 lineto
stroke

scale - pattern scale

pwidth - pattern line width, width is used by pattern until the width is overwritten in pattern file.

EXAMPLE:       

       vareas forest

       color blue

       width 1

       masked y

       cats 2,5-7      

       end

vlines

Selects a vector map layer for output and plots lines.
USAGE: vlines vectormap

       type line and/or boundary

       layer # (layer number used with cats/where option)

       cats list of categories (e.g. 1,3,5-7)

       where SQL where statement like: vlastnik = 'Cimrman'

       masked [y|n]

       color color

       rgbcolumn column

       width #

       cwidth #

       hcolor color

       hwidth #

       offset #

       coffset #

       ref left|right

       style 0-9

       label label

       lpos #

       end

The user can specify:

color - color of the vector lines or area boundaries;

rgbcolumn - name of color definition column used for the vector lines or area boundaries;

width - width of the vectors lines or area boundaries in pixels (accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers);

cwidth - width of the vectors lines. If cwidth is used then width of line is equal to cwidth * category value and width is used in legend;

hcolor - the highlight color for the vector lines;

hwidth - the width of the highlight color in pixels;

offset (experimental) - offset for the vectors lines in pixels for plotting parallel lines in distance equal to offset (accepts positive or negative decimal points). Useful to print streets with several parallel lanes;

coffset (experimental) - offset for the vectors lines. If coffset is used then offset of line is equal to coffset * category value and offset is used in legend;

ref (experimental) - line justification.

masked - whether or not the raster map layer is to be masked by the current mask; (see manual entry r.mask for more information on the mask);

style - the line style allows the vectors to be dashed in different patterns. This is done by typing a series of numbers (0's and 1's) in a desired sequence or pattern. Blanks and non-digit characters are recognized as 0's. Using 0 would allow the colors of the raster map layer (or the background color if no raster map layer was selected) to show through;

cats - which categories should be plotted (default is all);

label - for description in vlegend. Default is: map(mapset);

lpos - position vector is plotted in legend. If lpos is 0 then this vector is omitted in legend. If more vectors used the same lpos then their symbols in legend are merged and label for first vector is used.

EXAMPLE:       

       vlines streams

       color blue

       width 2

       hcolor white

       hwidth 1

       masked y

       cats 2  

       label Streams - category 2

       end

vpoints

Selects vector point data to be placed on the output map
USAGE: vpoints vectormap

       type point and/or centroid

       layer # (layer number used with cats/where/sizecol options)

       cats list of categories (e.g. 1,3,5-7)

       where SQL where statement like: vlastnik = 'Cimrman'

       masked [y|n]

       color color

       fcolor color

       rgbcolumn column

       width #

       eps epsfile     

       symbol symbol group/name        

       size #

       sizecolumn attribute column used for symbol sizing

       scale scaling factor for sizecolumn values

       rotate #

       rotatecolumn column

       label legend label

       lpos position in legend

       end

The user may specify the the color of the sites (see section on NAMED COLORS); either the GRASS symbol or the eps Encapsulated Postscript file to be used to represent the presence of a site (if '$' is used in the EPS file path it will be replaced by category number); and rotate (in degrees) for counter-clockwise rotation.
The size of the icon (number of times larger than the size it is in the icon file) is typically given by the size option. Alternatively the size of the symbol or EPS graphic can be taken from an attribute column by using the sizecolumn command. The value given by sizecolumn may be scaled by using the scale factor setting (default scaling is 1.0). In a similar manner symbol color can be read from rgbcolumn and the rotation angle read from rotatecolumn.
EXAMPLE:
       vpoints windmills

       color blue

       symbol mills/windmill

       size 10

       end

vlegend

Prints the portion of the map legend containing the vector information, on or below the map.
USAGE: vlegend

       where x y

       font font name

       fontsize font size

       width width of color symbol

       cols number of columns to print

       border color|none

       end

The default location is immediately below the legend containing the scale, grid and region information, starting at the left edge of the map. If the where instruction is present and y is less than or equal to zero, the vector legend will be positioned immediately below the map, starting x inches from the left edge of the page.

width is the width in inches of the color symbol (for areas) in front of the legend text. The default is 1/24 * fontsize inches. cols is the number of columns to split the legend into. The default is one column. The maximum number of colums is 10, or equal to the number of legend entries if there are less than 10 entries.

border will draw a border around the legend using the specified color. (see NAMED COLORS)

Alternatively, the user can create a custom legend by using the point, and text instructions.

This example prints the vector legend immediately below the map and starting 4.5 inches from the left edge of the page, using a 12/72 inch Helvetica font.
EXAMPLE:       

       vlegend

       where 4.5 0

       font Courier

       fontsize 12

       end

end

Terminates input and begin painting the map.
USAGE: end

EXAMPLE ps.map INPUT FILE

The following is an example of a ps.map script file. The file has been named spear.soils. This script file can be entered at the command line:

  ps.map input=spear.soils output=soils.ps


# this ps.map example draws a map of Spearfish, SD
raster soils
outline

   color black

   width 1

   end
comments soil.cmt

   where 1 6

   font Helvetica

   end
colortable y

   where 1 6.5

   cols 4

   width 4

   font Helvetica

   end
setcolor 6,8,9 white
setcolor 10 green
vlines roads

   width 2

   style 0111

   color grey

   masked n

   end
vlegend

   where 4.5 0

   font Courier

   fontsize 8

   end
text 30% 100% SPEARFISH SOILS MAP

   color red

   width 1

   hcolor black

   hwidth 1

   background white

   border red

   size 500

   ref lower left

   end
line 606969.73 3423092.91 616969.73 3423092.91

   color yellow

   width 2

   end
point 40% 60%

   color purple

   symbol basic/diamond

   size 25

   masked n

   end
scale 1:125000
scalebar f

   where 4.5 6.5

   length 5000

   height 0.05

   segment 5

   numbers 5

   end
geogrid 60 s

   color blue

   numbers 2 yellow

   end
paper a4

    end
end

More examples can be found on the GRASS Wiki help site.

CHANGES BETWEEN VERSION 5.0.x/5.4.x and 6.0

Devices and ps.select do not exist any more. Paper is defined by the paper instruction. vpoints are used instead of sites (points are read from vector). vector is substituted by vpoints, vlines and vareas. Symbols are used instead of icons (different format and directory). Map legend can be printed in columns.

SEE ALSO

g.region, v.label

AUTHOR

Paul Carlson, USDA, SCS, NHQ-CGIS
Modifications: Radim Blazek, Glynn Clements, Bob Covill, Hamish Bowman

Last changed: $Date: 2008-02-01 04:39:19 +0100 (Fri, 01 Feb 2008) $

Full index

© 2003-2008 GRASS Development Team