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upsd

NAME

upsd - UPS information server

SYNOPSIS

upsd -h

upsd [OPTIONS]

DESCRIPTION

upsd is responsible for serving the data from the drivers to the clients. It connects to each driver and maintains a local cache of the current state. Queries from the clients are served from this cache, so delays are minimal.

It also conveys administrative messages from the clients such as starting tests or setting values back to the drivers.

This program is essential, and must be running at all times to actually make any use out of the drivers and clients.

Controls in the configuration files allow you to limit access to the server, but you should also use a firewall for extra protection. Client processes such as upsmon(8) trust upsd for status information about the UPS hardware, so keep it secure.

OPTIONS

-c command

Send command to the background process as a signal. Valid commands are:

         reload - reread configuration files
         stop - stop process and exit
 

-D

Raise the debug level. Use this multiple times for additional details.

-h

Display the help text.

-r directory

upsd will chroot(2) to directory shortly after startup and before parsing any configuration files with this option set. You can use this to create a "jail" for greater security.

You must coordinate this with your drivers, as upsd must be able to find the state path within directory. See upsdrvctl(8) and nutupsdrv(8).

-u user

Switch to user user after startup if started as root. This overrides whatever you may have compiled in with 'configure --with-user'.

-V

Display the version of the program.

RELOADING

upsd can reload its configuration files without shutting down the process if you send it a SIGHUP or start it again with '-c reload'. This only works if the background process is able to read those files.

If you think that upsd can't reload, check your syslogs for error messages. If it's complaining about not being able to read the files, then you need to adjust your system to make it possible. Either change the permissions on the files, or run upsd as another user that will be able to read them.

DO NOT make your upsd.conf or upsd.users world-readable, as those files hold important authentication information. In the wrong hands, it could be used by some evil person to spoof your master upsmon and command your systems to shut down.

DIAGNOSTICS

upsd expects the drivers to either update their status regularly or at least answer periodic queries, called pings. If a driver doesn't answer, upsd will declare it "stale" and no more information will be provided to the clients.

If upsd complains about staleness when you start it, then either your driver or configuration files are probably broken. Be sure that the driver is actually running, and that the UPS definition in ups.conf(5) is correct. Also make sure that you start your driver(s) before starting upsd.

Data can also be marked stale if the driver can no longer communicate with the UPS. In this case, the driver should also provide diagnostic information in the syslog. If this happens, check the serial or USB cabling, or inspect the network path in the case of a SNMP UPS.

ACCESS CONTROL

If the server is build with tcp-wrappers support enabled, it will check if the NUT username is allowed to connect from the client address through the /etc/hosts.allow and /etc/hosts.deny files. Note that this will only be done for commands that require to be logged into the server.

         hosts.allow:
         ------------
         upsd : admin@127.0.0.1/32
         upsd : monslave@127.0.0.1/32 monslave@192.168.1.0/24
 
         hosts.deny:
         -----------
         upsd : ALL
 

Further details are described in hosts_access(5).

FILES

The general upsd configuration file is upsd.conf(5). The administrative functions like SET and INSTCMD for users are defined and controlled in upsd.users(5). UPS definitions are found in ups.conf(5).

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

NUT_CONFPATH is the path name of the directory that contains upsd.conf and other configuration files. If this variable is not set, upsd uses a built-in default, which is often /usr/local/ups/etc.

NUT_STATEPATH is the path name of the directory in which upsd keeps state information. If this variable is not set, upsd uses a built-in default, which is often /var/state/ups. The STATEPATH directive in upsd.conf overrides this variable.

SEE ALSO

Clients:

upsc(8), upscmd(8), upsrw(8), upslog(8), upsmon(8)

CGI programs:

upsset.cgi(8), upsstats.cgi(8), upsimage.cgi(8)

Drivers:

nutupsdrv(8), apcsmart(8), belkin(8), belkinunv(8), bestuferrups(8), bestups(8), cyberpower(8), energizerups(8), etapro(8), everups(8), genericups(8), isbmex(8), liebert(8), masterguard(8), mge-shut(8), mge-utalk(8), oneac(8), powercom(8), safenet(8), snmp-ups(8), tripplite(8), tripplitesu(8), victronups(8),

Internet resources:

The NUT (Network UPS Tools) home page: http://www.networkupstools.org/